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The Church of St. Trophime (''Trophimus'') is a Roman Catholic church and former cathedral built between the 12th century and the 15th century in the city of Arles, in the Bouches-du-Rhône Department of southern France. The church is an important example of Romanesque architecture, and the sculptures over the portal, particularly the Last Judgement, and the columns in the adjacent cloister, are considered some of the finest examples of Romanesque sculpture. The church was built upon the site of the 5th century basilica of Arles, named for St. Stephen.〔Jacques Thirion, ''Saint-Trophime d'Arles'' dans ''Congrès Archéologique de France - 1976 - Pays d'Arles'', page 360: :''""Cette nouvelle cathédrale (note : Saint-Trophime), bâtie en exploitant les monuments romains tout proches, fut placée, comme l'atteste la Vie de saint Hilaire écrite après 461, sous un vocable dont la vogue était toute récente, celui de saint Etienne, dont les reliques avaient été découvertes en 415.""''〕 In the 15th century a Gothic choir was added to the Romanesque nave. ==Timeline== *250 According to legend, Trophimus of Arles becomes the first bishop of Arles. *597 (November 17). Augustine of Canterbury returns to Arles after converting the King, Queen and principal members of the court of England to Christianity, and is consecrated as bishop of the Church of England by Virgilius of Arles, vicar of the Holy See in Gaul. *1152 : (September 29). Raimon de Montredon organizes the transfer of the relics of St. Trophime from the basilica of St. Stephen in Alyscamps to the new cathedral of St. Trophime. *1178 : (July 30). The Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, Frederick Barbarossa, is crowned at St. Trophime Cathedral by the archbishop of Arles. *1365 : (June 4). Following the precedent of Frederick Barbarossa, Emperor Charles IV is crowned king of Arles (Arelat) at St. Trophime Cathedral. *1445 to 1465 The Romanesque abside of the church is replaced by a Gothic choir.〔Thirion: "L'abside romane de Saint-Trophime est remplacée par un chevet gothique lors de travaux exécutés entre 1454 et 1465""〕 *1801 : When the Bishopric moved to Aix-en-Provence, St. Trophime was reclassified as a simple parish church. *1882 : Raised to the level of a minor basilica by Pope Leo XIII. *1981 : Classified a UNESCO world heritage site, as part of the Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments group. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Church of St. Trophime, Arles」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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